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ABSTRACT: This essay argues that individual and collective perceptions of threat—and their neurocognitive correlate, dread—are key drivers of instability, volatility, and violence, and thus must be ...

Predictive coding (PC) has become a central framework in contemporary cognitive neuroscience, proposing that the brain operates as a hierarchical inference system that continuously minimizes the ...

Not revised: This Reviewed Preprint includes the authors’ original preprint (without revision), an eLife assessment, and public reviews. In this manuscript, the authors aim to elucidate the mechanisms ...

Manufacturers are navigating a tempestuous landscape, wrestling with the intertwined challenges of pandemic-induced disruptions, potential tariffs and evolving policy shifts that strain global supply ...

The brain operates as a predictive system, using an internal model to predict upcoming sensory inputs under uncertain conditions. Although prediction error signals ...

Schemas are affective-cognitive conceptual models of self, others and the world, derived from life experience. Predictive Coding theory proposes schema are created from perceptual input as follows: ...