Hidden inside a simple color-mixing analogy is one of the most elegant ideas in cryptography, a mathematical trap door that lets two strangers build a shared secret in plain sight. This is the story ...

Diffie-Hellman’s key-exchange method runs this kind of exponentiation protocol, with all the operations conducted in this way ...

Abstract: The paper deals with efficient modular arithmetic algorithms for resource restricted devices like smart-cards or sensors. The modular arithmetic is important for a wide variety of ...

The “Discrete Mathematics” quest in The Outer Worlds 2 comes with a hefty stack of obstacles, starting with its pickup point. You’ll have to avoid explosives, defeat invisible enemies, and solve a ...

When presenting expressions, we saw examples of common arithmetic operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Here we will present two additional operations which are closely ...

The Zmodn package provides a class for representing integers modulo a given prime number. This class can be used to applications such as cryptography and computer algebra.

I welcomed the New Year by playing mahjong with my family. The version we play starts with one person rolling three dice and then counting around the table of four players to whatever the total is.

“There are five fundamental operations in mathematics,” the German mathematician Martin Eichler supposedly said. “Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and modular forms.” Part of the joke, ...

Data from federal standardized test scores points to another startling effect the COVID-19 pandemic had on America's children, with numbers indicating that reading and math scores for 13-year-olds ...