People with type 1 diabetes require continuous insulin treatment and must regularly measure their glucose levels. With open-loop therapies, insulin administration is manually controlled, while hybrid ...

Canada: Researchers have reported that a closed-loop insulin delivery system significantly improves glucose control during ...

Payments ecosystems are often categorized as either closed-loop or open-loop systems, each with distinct advantages and limitations. Closed-loop systems, such as single-provider mobile wallets like ...

In 2012, Automation World published an article looking at the decision factors faced when choosing electric or pneumatic actuators. More than a decade later, manufacturing engineers and OEMs still ...

The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) defines a servo device as “an adjustable-speed AC power drive system that includes an AC motor integrated by feedback, a converter, and control, ...