The benchmark tests show that the noise-free realization of QA can significantly outperform state-of-the-art classical algorithms. Quantum annealing (QA) is a cutting-edge algorithm that leverages the ...

Classifying a variable as a particular type of data is important when considering how to present the data. Data can be presented in a number of ways, which depends on the type of variable and the uses ...

Quantum information is a powerful technology for increasing the amount of information that can be processed and communicated securely. Using quantum entanglement to securely distribute a secret ...

Classifying a variable as a particular type of data is important when considering how to present the data. Data can be presented in a number of ways, which depends on the type of variable and the uses ...

Julie Young is an experienced financial writer and editor. She specializes in financial analysis in capital planning and investment management. Suzanne is a content marketer, writer, and fact-checker.

This paper develops a method to efficiently estimate hidden Markov models with continuous latent variables using maximum likelihood estimation. To evaluate the (marginal) likelihood function, I ...

Physicists have shown that Markov processes, widely used to model complex systems, must unfold over a larger space than previously assumed. Scientists believe that time is continuous, not discrete -- ...